Zvinoenderana neazvino Post-Consumer Recycled Plastics Market Report 2023-2033 yakaburitswa neVisiongain, musika wepasi rose wevatengi akadzokororwa mapurasitiki (PCR) uchave wakakosha US$16.239 bhiriyoni muna 2022 uye unotarisirwa kukura nechiyero che9.4% panguva ye kufanotaura nguva ye2023-2033. Kukura pamwero wekukura kwepagore.
Parizvino, nguva yehupfumi hwepasi-kabhoni denderedzwa yakatanga, uye kudzokorodza kwepurasitiki kwava nzira yakakosha yekudzikisa kabhoni kudzoreredzwa kwepurasitiki. Mapurasitiki, sezvinhu zvinodyiwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, anounza kurerukirwa kuhupenyu hwevanhu, asi anounzawo zvinhu zvakawanda zvisingafadzi, sekugara pasi, kusvibiswa kwemvura uye njodzi dzemoto, izvo zvinotyisidzira nharaunda inogara vanhu. Kubuda kweindasitiri yepurasitiki yakadzokororwa haigadzirise chete dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, asi zvakare inochengetedza mashandisirwo emagetsi, inobatsira kuchengetedza simba rekuchengetedza, uye inobatsira kuzadzisa kabhoni peak uye kabhoni kusarerekera kune kwayakarerekera zvinangwa.
01
Hazvikurudzirwi kusvibisa zvakatipoteredza
Nzira ye "kudzokorodza" tsvina yepurasitiki?
Nepo mapurasitiki achiunza nyore kune vatengi, anokonzerawo kukuvadza kwakakomba kunharaunda nehupenyu hwemugungwa.
McKinsey anofungidzira kuti marara epurasitiki epasi rose achasvika 460 miriyoni matani ne2030, yakazara 200 miriyoni matani kupfuura muna 2016. Inokurumidza kuwana inokwanisika marara epurasitiki kurapwa mhinduro.
Mapurasitiki akadzokororwa anoreva epurasitiki mbishi zvinhu zvinowanikwa nekugadzirisa tsvina mapurasitiki kuburikidza nemuviri kana makemikari nzira senge pretreatment, melt granulation, uye gadziridzo. Mushure mekunge marara epurasitiki apinda mumutsara wekugadzira, inopinda maitiro akadai sekuchenesa uye kuderedza, kupisa-kupisa, kugadzirisa, uye kupwanya kuti ive yakashandiswazve maflakes; maflakes akasvibira anobva apinda nenzira dzakadai sekuchenesa (kuparadzanisa tsvina, kuchenesa), kuchenesa, nekuomeswa kuti avezve mazhenje akachena; Pakupedzisira, maererano nezvinodiwa zveminda yakasiyana-siyana yekushandiswa, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepurasitiki zvakashandiswa zvakare zvinogadzirwa kuburikidza negranulation midziyo, iyo inotengeswa kumabhizinesi akasiyana-siyana kumba nekune dzimwe nyika uye inoshandiswa mu polyester filament, kuputira mapurasitiki, midziyo yemumba, mapurasitiki emotokari uye dzimwe minda.
Mukana wakakura wemapurasitiki akadzokororwa nderekuti akachipa pane zvinhu zvitsva uye mapurasitiki anoshatisa, uye zvinoenderana neakasiyana mashandiro ekuita, zvimwe chete zvimiro zvepurasitiki zvinogona kugadzirwa uye zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana zvinogona kugadzirwa. Kana huwandu hwematenderedzwa husina kuwanda, mapurasitiki akadzokororwa anogona kuchengetedza zvimiro zvakafanana nemapurasitiki echinyakare, kana anogona kuchengetedza zvivakwa zvakagadzikana nekusanganisa zvinhu zvakadzokororwa nezvinhu zvitsva.
02Kukudziridzwa kwemapurasitiki akadzokororwa kwave tsika yakajairika
Mushure mokunge "Maonero eKuwedzera Kusimbisa Kudzora Kwekusvibiswa kwePlastiki" yakabudiswa muChina munaJanuary gore rapera, indasitiri yepurasitiki yakasvibiswa yakakwira nokukurumidza, uye mitengo yePBAT nePLA yave ichikwira. Parizvino, iyo yakarongwa kugadzirwa kwePBAT yemumba yakapfuura mamirioni gumi nemaviri ematani. Zvinangwa zvikuru zvezvirongwa izvi ndizvo misika yemumba neEurope.
Nekudaro, kurambidzwa kwepurasitiki yeSUP kwakapihwa neEuropean Union mukutanga kwaChikunguru gore rino kwairambidza zvakajeka kushandiswa kwemapurasitiki anoparara kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvinoraswa. Pane kudaro, yakasimbisa kuvandudzwa kwepurasitiki yekudzokorodza uye yakakurudzirwa kushandiswa kwakaverengeka kwezvinhu zvakadzokororwa zvezvirongwa zvakaita semabhodhoro epolyester. Izvi pasina mubvunzo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya pamusika wepurasitiki uri kukurumidza kuwedzera.
Sezvineiwo, kurambidzwa kwepurasitiki muPhiladelphia, United States, neFrance zvakare kunorambidza marudzi chaiwo emapurasitiki anoparara uye kusimbisa kudzokororwa kwemapurasitiki. Nyika dzakasimukira muEurope neUnited States dziri kunyanya kutarisisa kudzokorodza kwepurasitiki, izvo zvakakodzera kuti titarise.
Shanduko yemaitiro eEU kumapurasitiki anoparara kutanga nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kwemapurasitiki anoparara ivo pachavo, uye chechipiri, mapurasitiki akaora haakwanise kugadzirisa dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki.
Biodegradable mapurasitiki anogona kuora pasi pemamwe mamiriro, izvo zvinoreva kuti mashandiro avo emuchina haana simba kupfuura mapurasitiki akajairwa uye haakwanisi muminda yakawanda. Ivo vanogona chete kushandiswa kugadzira zvimwe zvinoraswa zvigadzirwa zvine yakaderera kuita zvinodiwa.
Uyezve, pari zvino mapurasitiki anoshatisa haagone kudzikisirwa zvakasikwa uye anoda chaiyo composting mamiriro. Kana zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvinoshatisa zvikasashandiswazve, kukuvadza kune zvisikwa hakuzove kwakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune akajairwa mapurasitiki.
Saka isu tinotenda kuti iyo inonyanya kunakidza nzvimbo yekushandisa yemapurasitiki anoparara ndeyekudzokororwa kuita zvekutengesa composting masisitimu pamwe chete nemarara emvura.
Mugadziriro yemapurasitiki anogona kudzokororwazve, kugadzira mapurasitiki emarara kuita mapurasitiki akadzokororwa kuburikidza nemaitiro emuviri kana kemikari ane kukosha kwakasimba. Mapurasitiki akagadziridzwa haangodzikisi kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvefossil, asi zvakare anoderedza kuburitsa kabhoni panguva yekugadziriswa kwayo. Zvisingasviki maitiro ekugadzira zvigadzirwa, ine inherent green premium.
Naizvozvo, isu tinotenda kuti shanduko yeEurope kubva kumapurasitiki anoparara kuenda kumapurasitiki akadzokororwa ine basa resainzi uye rinoshanda.
Kubva pakuona kwemusika, mapurasitiki akadzokororwa ane nzvimbo yakafara kupfuura mapurasitiki anoparara. Biodegradable mapurasitiki anoganhurirwa nekusakwana kuita uye anogona kunyanya kushandiswa kune zvinoraswa zvigadzirwa zvine zvakaderera zvinodiwa, nepo mapurasitiki akadzokororwa anogona kutsiva mhandara mapurasitiki muminda yakawanda.
Semuyenzaniso, pari zvino mudzimba dzakakura kwazvo dzakagadzirwazve polyester staple fiber, yakadzokororwa PS kubva kuInko Recycling, maflakes emabhodhoro epolyester akapihwa naSanlian Hongpu kumhiri kwemakungwa EPC masevhisi, naironi yakadzokororwa EPC yeTaihua Zvishandiso Zvitsva, pamwe nepolyethylene neABS Pane zvakatoshandiswa zvakare. , uye chikero chose cheminda iyi chinokwanisa kuva mazana emamiriyoni ematani.
03Policy tsika kuvandudzwa
Indasitiri yepurasitiki yakadzokororwa ine mipimo mitsva
Kunyangwe iyo indasitiri yemumba yakatarisana nemapurasitiki anoparara munhanho yekutanga, iyo nhanho yemitemo yanga ichikurudzira kudzokorodza kwepurasitiki nekushandisa zvakare.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kuitira kusimudzira kusimudzira indasitiri yemapurasitiki akadzokororwa, nyika yedu yakatevedzana yakabudisa mitemo yakawanda, yakadai se "Chiziviso chekuburitsa Chirongwa Chekuita chePlastic Pollution Control panguva yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu" chakapihwa neNational. Development and Reform Commission uye Ministry of Ecology and Environment muna 2021 kuwedzera Kudzokororwa kwemarara epurasitiki, kutsigira kuvakwa kwemarara epurasitiki mapurojekiti, kuburitsa runyorwa rwe. mabhizinesi anodzora mashandisirwo akazara emarara epurasitiki, achitungamira mapurojekiti akakodzera kuti aunganidze mumabhesi ekudzokorodza zviwanikwa, mabhesi ekushandisa maindasitiri uye mamwe mapaki, uye kusimudzira chiyero cheindasitiri yekudzokorodza tsvina yepurasitiki Kumisa, kuchena uye kusimudzira. Muna Chikumi 2022, iyo "Technical Specifications yeWaste Plastic Pollution Control" yakaburitswa, iyo yakaisa mberi zvinodiwa zvitsva zvemarara epurasitiki indasitiri zviyero uye yakaramba ichimisa kusimudzira maindasitiri.
Kudzokorodza uye kushandiswazve kwemarara epurasitiki inzira yakaoma. Nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, chigadzirwa uye gadziriso yeindasitiri, marara epurasitiki epasirese zvigadzirwa zviri kusimukira munzira yemhando yepamusoro, mhando dzakawanda, uye tekinoroji yepamusoro.
Parizvino, mapurasitiki akadzokororwa akashandiswa mumachira, mota, chikafu uye zvinwiwa kurongedza, zvemagetsi nemimwe minda. Huwandu hwenzvimbo dzakakura dzakakura-kudzokorodza nzvimbo dzekugovera uye nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa dzakaumbwa munyika yose, dzakanyanya kugoverwa muZhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning nedzimwe nzvimbo. Nekudaro, mabhizinesi emunyika yangu anorasa mapurasitiki ekudzokorodza achiri kutongwa nemabhizinesi madiki uye epakati, uye nehunyanzvi ivo vachiri kutarisa kudzokorodza kwemuviri. Kuchiri kushaikwa kwezvakanaka zvekurasa zvakatipoteredza uye zvirongwa zvekudzokorodza zviwanikwa uye zviitiko zvakabudirira zvepasi residual value marara epurasitiki semarara emarara epurasitiki.
Nekuunzwa kwe “plastic restriction order”, “waste classification” uye “carbon neutrality” mitemo, indasitiri yemapurasitiki yakadzokororwa munyika yangu yakaunza mikana yakanaka yebudiriro.
Mapurasitiki akadzokororwa iindasitiri yakasvibira inokurudzirwa uye inotsigirwa nemitemo yenyika. Iyo zvakare inzvimbo yakakosha zvikuru mukuderedza uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa kwehuwandu hwemarara epurasitiki marara. Muna 2020, mamwe matunhu munyika yangu akatanga kuita zvimiro zvekuisa marara. Muna 2021, China yakarambidza zvachose kupinza tsvina yakasimba. Muna 2021, mamwe matunhu munyika akatanga kunyatsoita "plastic ban order". Makambani akawanda uye akawanda ari kutevera "plastic restriction order". Tichipesvedzerwa, takatanga kuona huwandu hwakawanda hwemapurasitiki akadzokororwa. Nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera, mabhenefiti ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, uye tsigiro yemitemo, iyo yakadzokororwa indasitiri yepurasitiki cheni kubva kunobva kusvika kumagumo iri kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwayo uye kukura nekukurumidza. Semuyenzaniso, kuisirwa marara kwetsvina kwakakosha mukusimudzira kusimudzira indasitiri yemarara epurasitiki zviwanikwa, uye kufambisa kugadzwa nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yepurasitiki yakavharwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hwemabhizinesi akanyoreswa ane chekuita nemapurasitiki akadzokororwa muChina akawedzera ne59.4% muna 2021.
Sezvo China yakarambidza kupinzwa kunze kwemarara epurasitiki, zvakakanganisa chimiro chemusika wepasi rose wepurasitiki. Nyika dzakawanda dzakabudirira dzinofanira kuwana “mabudiro” matsva nokuda kwokuunganidza kwadzo marara kuri kuwedzera. Kunyangwe kwaienda marara aya kwagara kuri kune dzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira, dzakaita seIndia, Pakistan kana Southeast Asia, mari yekutakura uye yekugadzira yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iri muChina.
Mapurasitiki akadzokororwa uye mapurasitiki ane granulated ane tarisiro yakakura, zvigadzirwa (mapurasitiki granules) ane musika wakakura, uye kudiwa kubva kumakambani epurasitiki kwakakurawo. Semuyenzaniso, fekitori yemafirimu ezvekurima ari pakati nepakati inoda matani anodarika chiuru epolyethylene pellets pagore, fekitori yeshangu yepakati-kati inoda matani anopfuura zviuru zviviri zvepolyvinyl chloride pellets pagore, uye mabhizinesi madiki ega ega anodawo matani anodarika mazana mashanu emapellets. gore negore. Naizvozvo, Kune gaka rakakura mumaplastic pellets uye haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa nevagadziri vepurasitiki. Muna 2021, nhamba yemakambani akanyoreswa ane chekuita nemapurasitiki akadzokororwa muChina aive 42,082, gore negore kuwedzera kwe59.4%.
Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti ichangoburwa inopisa nzvimbo mumunda wemarara epurasitiki kudzokorodza, "kemikari yekudzokorora nzira", iri kuve nzira nyowani yekudzora kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki uchifunga nezvezve zviwanikwa. Parizvino, hofori dzepasi rose dzepetrochemical dziri kuyedza mvura nekuisa indasitiri. Imba yeSinopec Boka iri kuumbawo mubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri kusimudzira uye kuisa tsvina epurasitiki kemikari nzira yekugadzirazve nzira. Zvinotarisirwa kuti mumakore mashanu anotevera, marara epurasitiki emakemikari mapurojekiti, ayo ari pamberi pekudyara, achagadzira musika mutsva une chiyero cheindasitiri chemazana emabhiriyoni, uye ichaita basa rakanaka mukusimudzira kudzora kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, resource recycling, kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kubuda.
Nechiyero cheramangwana, kuwedzera, kuvaka chiteshi uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, zvishoma nezvishoma kupaka, indasitiri uye kuvaka kwakakura kweindasitiri yepurasitiki yakadzokororwa ndiwo mafambiro ebudiriro.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-02-2024