Mvura iri mubhodhoro rekunwa haina njodzi here?
Kuvhura bhodhoro remvura yemaminerari kana chinwiwa chiito chakajairika, asi chinowedzera bhodhoro repurasitiki rakaraswa kune zvakatipoteredza.
Chinhu chikuru chepurasitiki kurongedza zvinwiwa zvekabhoni, mvura yemamineral, mafuta anodyiwa uye zvimwe zvekudya ndeye polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Parizvino, kushandiswa kwemabhodhoro ePET kunotanga mumunda wekurongedza chikafu chepurasitiki.
Sekurongedza kwechikafu, kana PET pachayo chiri chigadzirwa chakakodzera, inofanirwa kuve yakachengeteka zvakanyanya kuti vatengi vashandise mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa uye haizokonzerese njodzi dzehutano.
Tsvagiridzo yesainzi yakaratidza kuti kana mabhodhoro epurasitiki achishandiswa kakawanda kunwa mvura inopisa (inodarika 70 degrees Celsius) kwenguva yakareba, kana kupisa zvakananga nema microwaves, zvisungo zvemakemikari mumabhodhoro epurasitiki nemamwe mapurasitiki zvichaparadzwa, uye mapurasitiki epurasitiki. uye antioxidants inogona kuendeswa muchinwiwa.Zvinhu zvakadai se oxidants uye oligomers.Kana zvinhu izvi zvichinge zvatamiswa zvakawandisa, zvinozova nekukanganisa hutano hwevanonwa.Naizvozvo, vatengi vanofanirwa kucherechedza kuti kana vachishandisa PET mabhodhoro, vanofanirwa kuyedza kusaazadza nemvura inopisa uye edza kusaaisa mu microwave.
Pane ngozi ipi neipi yakavanzika mukuirasa pashure pokuinwa here?
Mabhodhoro epurasitiki anoraswa uye akapararira mumigwagwa yeguta, nzvimbo dzevashanyi, nzizi nemadziva, uye kumativi ose emigwagwa nenjanji.Havangokonzereri kusvibiswa kwekuona, asiwo kukonzeresa kukuvadza.
PET yakanyanyisa makemikari inert uye isiri-biodegradable zvinhu zvinogona kuvapo munzvimbo yechisikigo kwenguva yakareba.Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mabhodhoro epurasitiki akaraswa akasadzokororwa, acharamba achiungana mumhoteredzo, kuputsika uye kuora munzvimbo, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwakakomba kumvura yepamusoro, ivhu nemakungwa.Zvizhinji zvemarara epurasitiki anopinda muvhu anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kubereka kwenyika.
Zvimedu zvepurasitiki zvakadyiwa netsaona nemhuka dzesango kana mhuka dzemugungwa zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara kunouraya kumhuka uye kuisa njodzi kuchengetedzeka kweiyo ecosystem.Maererano neUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 99% yeshiri dzinotarisirwa kudya plastiki panosvika 2050.
Mukuwedzera, mapurasitiki anogona kuora kuita microplastic particles, iyo inogona kumwiwa nezvisikwa uye pakupedzisira kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu kuburikidza necheni yechikafu.Sangano reUnited Nations Environment Programme rakaratidza kuti marara akawanda epurasitiki ari mugungwa ari kutyisidzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvemugungwa, uye fungidziro dzekuchengetedza dzinokonzera kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kunosvika mabhiriyoni gumi nematatu emadhora ekuAmerica gore rega rega.Marine plastiki kusvibiswa kwakanyorwa seimwe yepamusoro gumi yekukurumidzira nyaya dzezvakatipoteredza dzakakodzera kunetseka mumakore gumi apfuura.
Ko microplastics yakapinda muhupenyu hwedu here?
Microplastics, ichitaura zvakanyanya kune chero mapurasitiki particles, fibers, zvidimbu, nezvimwewo munzvimbo iyo isingasviki 5 mm muhukuru, ikozvino inotarisa yekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki uye kutonga pasi rose.Iyo "Action Plan for Plastic Pollution Control panguva ye14th Five-Year Plan" yakabudiswa nenyika yangu inonyorawo microplastics sechinhu chitsva chekusvibisa kwekunyanya kunetseka.
Kunobva microplastics inogona kunge iri yekuzvarwa epurasitiki zvimedu, kana inogona kuburitswa nezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki nekuda kwechiedza, mamiriro ekunze, tembiricha yakakwira, mechanical pressure, nezvimwe.
Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kana vanhu vakadya mamwe magiramu mashanu e microplastics pasvondo, mamwe ma microplastics haazobuditswa muchituru, asi anozoungana munhengo dzemuviri kana ropa.Mukuwedzera, microplastics inogona kupinda mukati me membrane yesero uye inopinda mukati memuviri wemunhu circulatory system, iyo inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa pakushanda kwesero.Zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti microplastics mukuedzwa pamhuka yakaratidza matambudziko akadai sekuzvimba, masero kuvhara uye metabolism.
Mabhuku akawanda omumusha nokune dzimwe nyika anoshuma kuti zvinhu zvokubata nazvo zvokudya, zvakadai semabhegi etii, mabhodhoro evana, makapu emapepa, mabhokisi ezvokudya zvamasikati, zvichingodaro, zvingabudisa zviuru kumazana kumazana emamiriyoni emamicroplastic oukuru hwakasiyana kuti ave zvokudya panguva yokushandisa.Uyezve, iyi nharaunda inzvimbo yekutonga uye inofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya.
Mabhodhoro epurasitiki akadzokororwa anogona kushandiswazve here?
Mabhodhoro epurasitiki akadzokororwa anogona kushandiswazve here?
Muchirevo, kunze kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki akasvibiswa zvakanyanya, mabhodhoro ese ezvinwiwa anogona kushandiswazve.Nekudaro, panguva yekushandiswa uye nemuchina kudzokorodza mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa zvePET, zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvekunze zvinogona kuunzwa, senge girisi yechikafu, zvinwiwa zvinosara, zvinochenesa dzimba, uye mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuramba zviri muPET yakadzokororwa.
Kana yakadzokororwazve PET ine zvinhu zviri pamusoro ichishandiswa mumidziyo yekubata chikafu, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kutamira muchikafu, nokudaro zvichityisidzira hutano hwevatengi.Ose ari maviri European Union neUnited States anotsikirira kuti PET yakadzokororwa inofanirwa kusangana nenhevedzano yechengetedzo indekisi zvinodiwa kubva kwainotangira isati yashandiswa pakurongedza chikafu.
Nekuvandudzwa kwekuziva kwevatengi kudzokorodza bhodhoro rezvinwiwa, kumisikidzwa kweiyo yakachena yekudzokorodza sisitimu, uye nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza kwechikafu-giredhi mapurasitiki ekurongedza kurongedza uye kuchenesa maitiro, makambani mazhinji ave kukwanisa kuwana yakajairwa kudzokorodza uye kuvandudzwa kunoshanda patsva. mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa.Mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa anosangana nechikafu chekubata zvinhu zvinodiwa kuchengetedza anogadzirwa uye anoshandiswa zvakare kurongedza chinwiwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-18-2023